Endovascular Surgery

Endovascular surgery is a minimally invasive way to treat problems with blood vessels (arteries and veins).

Instead of large cuts, the doctor makes a small opening in the skin, usually in the groin, arm, or leg. Small tubes and instruments are guided through the blood vessels using X-ray imaging.

Because the surgery is done inside the blood vessels, it usually causes less pain and has a faster recovery than open surgery.

Endovascular surgery is used to treat many vascular conditions, including:

• Narrowed or blocked arteries
• Poor circulation to the legs or feet
• Aneurysms (bulging blood vessels)
• Carotid artery disease (arteries in the neck that supply the brain)
• Blood clots
• Varicose veins and vein disease

Common endovascular procedures include:

• Angioplasty: using a small balloon to open a narrowed artery
• Stent insertion: placing a small metal tube to keep an artery open
• Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR)
• Clot treatment or removal
• Minimally invasive vein treatments

Endovascular surgery may be needed to:

• Improve blood flow
• Reduce pain, swelling, or cramping
• Help wounds heal
• Lower the risk of stroke or limb loss
• Treat serious or life-threatening conditions such as aneurysms

It is often recommended when vascular disease is affecting health, mobility, or quality of life.

Endovascular surgery is generally safe, but all procedures have some risks.

Possible risks include:

• Bleeding or bruising at the entry site
• Infection
• Damage to a blood vessel
• Blood clots
• Reaction to contrast dye
• Need for further treatment or surgery

Your healthcare team will explain the risks and take steps to keep you safe.

Endovascular surgery is often chosen because it:

• Uses small incisions or needle punctures
• Causes less pain
• Has shorter hospital stays
• Allows quicker recovery
• Has lower risk for many patients

It is especially suitable for older people or those with other medical conditions.

Most patients:

• Go home the same day or the next day
• Return to normal activities sooner
• Have minimal scarring

Your doctor will decide if endovascular surgery is the right option for you.